What are the key technologies of IoT? In which areas are they used?

Which method are you using to read this article this article today? Is it based on a cell phone? Or on a computer? Or a tablet? No matter which machine or device you are using, it is all connected to the Internet.

The occurrence of Internet technology is a particular blessing, as it presents a variety of conveniences that were previously impossible to achieve.

Connecting devices to Internet technology has resulted in a number of astounding benefits that we all experience depending on the application of smartphones, laptops and tablets, but in fact, this is true for everything else, yes, I'm talking about everything. The Internet of Things is actually a very simple definition, it represents the connection of all things in the world to the network.

The definition of IoT tends to confuse people, not because it's too narrow, but because it's too broad. When there are so many use cases and probabilities of IoT, it is difficult to generate a clear definition of IoT in your head.

From smart light bulbs to shared resource bikes, from smart manhole covers to smart agriculture,embedded module the IoT spans a particularly wide range of industry sectors. Not to be pompous at all, all fields are related to the Internet of Things.

The basic principle of IOT technology

The working principle of the Internet of Things technology is actually in the electronic computer Internet technology, the use of RFID, wireless network data communication and other technologies, the structure of a global over 10,000 engineering buildings "InternetofThings". In this network, the building (objects) can carry out "communication" with each other, without human intervention. Its essence is to use microwave radio frequency automatic retrieval (RFID) technology, according to computer Internet technology to complete the automatic detection of objects (products) and the interconnection of messages and shared resources.

The key technology of the Internet of Things or cloud, cloud computing technology is the key to complete the technology of the Internet of Things. The three important technologies and industries of IoT contain, important technologies: sensor technology, RFID identification, embedded operating system technology. Industries: public affairs management (green, road traffic, etc.), mass socialization services (health care, home furniture engineering and construction, financial Internet, etc.), social and economic development infrastructure (power energy power engineering, freight logistics retail, etc.).

Sensor technology is an important technology in computer technology, the transmission of digital signals in the route to change into solvable analog signals, handed to the electronic computer to complete the solution.

RFID, the full name is Radio Frequency Identification, that is, radio frequency identification technology technology, is a wireless network microwave radio frequency technology and embedded technology into a comprehensive technology, in the near future will be widely used in automatic retrieval, object logistics information management level.

Embedded operating system technology is a kind of complicated technology that integrates computer technology, computer system, sensor technology, electronic device technology and electronic application technology into one.

Scattered application scenarios and concentrated technology

The application scenario of IoT is very consistent in summary: collection + transmission + measurement + presentation

The IoT terminal device collects data, transmits data to the server, the server stores and solves the data information, and displays the data to the customer.

For example, in the case of shared resource bicycle, the whole process in the positive direction is: the bicycle gets the GPS part data information, reports to the server according to 2G network, the server records the bicycle location information, and the customer queries the bicycle part in the APP terminal. The whole process in the opposite direction is: the customer transmits the unlocking requirement to the server, the server sends the unlocking order to the bicycle according to the 2G network, and the bicycle implements the unlocking order.

Many IoT applications are maintained based on the two steps of positive direction data collection and reverse direction command manipulation.

Selection of transmission technology

Internet of things, connecting network methods have this.

Power consumption low proximity, with BLE or Zigbee.

Power consumption low long distance, with NB-IOT or 2G

Internet big data proximity, with WIFI

Internet big data long distance, with 4G network

Network reasonable layout, long-distance network immediately even communication base stations, without their own arrangement of network connection points. While the near distance network must have a network connection point, first send the user data information to the connection point, and then the node connects to the local area network.

Long distance transmission is more expensive than near distance transmission, and the function loss is higher. Reasonable arrangement of near and far matching can effectively reduce the cost of IOT terminal equipment.

For example, the original shared resource bike choose 2G network to open, must keep the data long connection or apply the sliding short message to open the lock, the function loss high cost, and the free download of the shared resource bike leave behind the remote control to open, immediately apply the smartphone cell phone Bluetooth to open the bike, save the cell phone traffic, reduce the function loss, also can improve the unlocking rate.

The design solution of cloud server

IoT cloud server and APP design solutions, and Internet technology is basically the same, JAVA, PHP, ASP can be used to do the IoT console solution.

Mobile Internet is "people - server - people" architecture, IoT is "things - server - people" architecture, the essence of the two is the same, IoT intelligent terminals also choose TCP, HTTP, MQTT and other Internet protocols to connect to the server The two are essentially the same.

NB-IOT is a slightly different architecture of "thing - communication base station - server - human", NB-IOT IOT terminal devices can receive the information as long as they connect to the communication base station, so they don't need to keep a long connection, which can save a lot of function loss.